Water Wastage Archives | Water Treatment Lab - RO Plant

How water Pollution effect Human Health

Muhammad Shahzad — Thu, 08 Jun 2023 17:09:12 +0000

Water pollution can have significant effects on human health. When water sources, such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater, become contaminated with pollutants, it can lead to various health problems. Here are some of the potential effects of water pollution on human health:

Waterborne Diseases: Contaminated water is a major source of waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery, hepatitis, and giardiasis. Pathogenic microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, and parasites thrive in polluted water and can cause severe gastrointestinal illnesses when ingested.
Gastrointestinal Issues: Consuming water contaminated with pollutants can lead to gastrointestinal problems, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. These symptoms can be particularly severe in children, the elderly, or individuals with weakened immune systems.
Skin Problems: Exposure to polluted water can result in various skin issues such as rashes, itching, dermatitis, and infections. Pollutants like heavy metals, chemicals, and toxins present in the water can irritate and damage the skin.
Respiratory Disorders: Water pollution can contribute to the deterioration of air quality, especially in cases where water bodies are contaminated with industrial effluents or agricultural runoff. The release of pollutants into the air can lead to respiratory problems such as asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory infections.
Cancer: Some water pollutants, such as certain heavy metals (e.g., arsenic, lead), industrial chemicals (e.g., benzene, vinyl chloride), and pesticides, have been linked to an increased risk of cancer. Long-term exposure to these contaminants through drinking water can pose serious health hazards.
Endocrine Disruption: Water pollution can introduce endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) into the water supply. EDCs can interfere with the normal functioning of hormones in the human body and have been associated with reproductive disorders, developmental issues in children, and hormonal imbalances.
Impaired Immune System: Prolonged exposure to polluted water can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections, diseases, and other health problems.

It’s important to note that the severity of health effects depends on the type and concentration of pollutants, the duration of exposure, and individual susceptibility. Access to clean, safe water and proper water treatment and sanitation systems are crucial in minimizing the health risks associated with water pollution.

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Science behind the Reverse Osmosis (RO) Water

Muhammad Shahzad — Thu, 08 Jun 2023 16:57:42 +0000

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a water purification process that utilizes the principles of osmosis and applies external pressure to overcome the natural osmotic pressure. The science behind reverse osmosis involves the selective movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane to separate contaminants from water. Here’s a breakdown of the science involved:

Osmosis: Osmosis is a natural process where solvent molecules (in this case, water) move from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. The goal of reverse osmosis is to reverse this process.
Semi-permeable membrane: The reverse osmosis membrane is a specialized membrane with extremely small pores that allow the passage of water molecules while blocking the majority of dissolved solids, contaminants, and particles. The membrane acts as a barrier, selectively allowing the smaller water molecules to pass through while rejecting larger molecules and impurities.
Applying pressure: In reverse osmosis, external pressure is applied to the water to overcome the natural osmotic pressure and force the water molecules through the membrane. The pressure helps to counteract the tendency of water to flow from lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration, allowing the purified water to be separated from the impurities.
Rejecting contaminants: The semi-permeable membrane in an RO system is designed to reject a wide range of contaminants, including dissolved salts, minerals, organic compounds, bacteria, viruses, heavy metals, and other impurities present in the feed water. These contaminants are typically larger in size or have different properties that prevent them from passing through the membrane.
Permeate and concentrate streams: As water is forced through the membrane, two streams are formed: the permeate and the concentrate. The permeate stream contains the purified water, while the concentrate stream carries the concentrated impurities and is typically discharged or treated separately.
Pre-filtration and post-treatment: Reverse osmosis systems often incorporate pre-filtration stages to remove larger particles, sediments, and chlorine, which can harm the RO membrane. Additionally, post-treatment processes such as activated carbon filtration or remineralization may be included to enhance the taste and quality of the purified water.

By utilizing these scientific principles, reverse osmosis effectively removes a wide range of impurities and contaminants from water, producing clean, purified water for various applications. It is a widely used and effective water treatment technology in residential, commercial, and industrial settings.

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Municipal Water of Pakistan Challenges

Muhammad Shahzad — Tue, 08 Feb 2022 19:39:13 +0000

Around 3 million people affected by contaminated water every year in Pakistan. There is highly increase in population in rural and urban areas of Pakistan. Unfortunately, there is no proper system of recycling of used water and due to the leakage of sanitary system of water the contaminated water mixing up with municipal water which is very dangerous for health. Un-planned industry growth also big reason of contamination in underground water because of this industry growth the underground water pollution is increasing day by day. Government is trying to provide better solution for availability of clean water to use and drink Orangi Pilot Project in Karachi and Community Led total Sanitation in rural areas are good examples of steps taken by Government in this regard. Public use the same water for cooking, bathing, drinking and in daily routine which is badly affecting the health of rural and urban population. Presence of Arsenic in underground water is getting severe problem. Arsenic is slow poison which effect the health badly can cause damage to skin, hairs and initiate cancer in human body. The quality of services provided by WASA and other agencies are not up to the mark due to limited resources. The underground water is also contaminated due to microbiological contamination. Due to presence of metallic anions and cat-ions the TDS of drinking water is very high which need to be address immediately. RO system on small and large scales are very promising solution at low cost to remove contamination from water and make it drinkable. Awareness programs can also contribute to safe water for the next generations. Wastage of water during shaving, toothpaste, bath etc. can be minimizing by awareness program of Government and NGOs.

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